Journal: Purinergic Signalling

Article Title: Adenosine A2A receptors in the nucleus accumbens regulate stress resilience and predict susceptibility to stress-induced affective disturbances

doi: 10.1007/s11302-025-10118-2

Figure Lengend Snippet: Chronic social defeat stress (CSDS) induces an anxiety-like phenotype in stress-susceptible (SS) mice. A. Although the distance traveled was the same between groups (left), SS mice made fewer center entries (middle) and spent less time in the center (right) in the open field test (OFT). B. On the elevated plus maze (EPM), percentage of time spent in open arms (left) was also not altered, but number of risk assessments (middle) showed an effect of both CSDS groups, while only SS mice showed impairment in the time spent in risk assessment behaviors (right). C. No alterations were observed in the tail suspension test (TST). D. Radar plot summarizing behavioral outcomes across all tests. Each axis represents a behavioral measure from OFT, EPM, or TST. Stress SS mice (red) show a distinct behavioral profile compared to control (CTRL, black) and stress-resilient (RES, blue) groups, particularly in parameters related to anxiety. One-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post-hoc test (OFT: distance; EPM: number of risk assessment; TST: immobility time), and Kruskal–Wallis followed by Dunn’s post-hoc test (OFT: center entries and time; EPM: time in open arms and in risk assessment). Data are shown as mean. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.0001

Article Snippet: Behavioral assessments included the SI test, open field test (OFT), and elevated plus maze test (EPM), which were analyzed using the automated system ANY-maze® (Stoelting Co., USA).

Techniques: Suspension, Control

Journal: Purinergic Signalling

Article Title: Adenosine A2A receptors in the nucleus accumbens regulate stress resilience and predict susceptibility to stress-induced affective disturbances

doi: 10.1007/s11302-025-10118-2

Figure Lengend Snippet: Caffeine responsiveness predicts behavioral outcomes for chronic variable stress (CVS). A. Experimental design: baseline locomotion was assessed, followed by caffeine responsiveness testing (7.5 mg/kg, i.p.), a 14-day washout, exposure to CVS, and behavioral assessments. B. Classification of mice as caffeine non-responsive (NR) or responsive (R) based on locomotor activity following caffeine administration, with representative locomotor traces. C. In the open field test (OFT), CVS increased locomotor activity in both groups (left). However, only NR mice displayed enhanced exploratory behavior, with increased center entries (middle) and time in the center (right). D. In the elevated plus maze (EPM), NR stressed mice spent more percentage of time in open arms (left), while R stressed mice showed prolonged risk assessment behavior (middle and right). E. In the sucrose splash test (SST), R mice subjected to CVS exhibited longer interbout intervals of grooming, indicating motivational deficits. F. Radar plot summarizing behavioral outcomes across all tests, with each axis representing one behavioral parameter. Welch’s T test (caffeine responsiveness), two-way ANOVA (OFT, EPM, and SST parameters). Data are shown as individual values, mean ± SEM, * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001, **** p < 0.0001

Article Snippet: Behavioral assessments included the SI test, open field test (OFT), and elevated plus maze test (EPM), which were analyzed using the automated system ANY-maze® (Stoelting Co., USA).

Techniques: Activity Assay